| Title |
Performance Evaluation of Low Voltage Direct Current Distribution Systems with Renewable Energy Integration |
| DOI |
https://doi.org/10.5370/KIEE.2025.74.12.2040 |
| Keywords |
Low Voltage Direct Current Distribution System; Renewable Energy; Efficiency Analysis; IPMVP; EMTP; ATPDraw |
| Abstract |
Conventional AC-based distribution systems face challenges such as high energy losses, inefficient power conversion, and complexity in integrating renewable energy sources. To address these limitations, this study investigates the efficiency characteristics of a Low Voltage Direct Current(LVDC) distribution system integrated with Photovoltaics(PV, Building Integrated Photovoltaics(BIPV)) and Energy Storage Systems(ESS). A real-world LVDC demonstration platform was implemented and tested in a multi-floor building, where voltage and current waveforms were measured at various load branches to evaluate system performance. Complementarily, digital modeling of system components?including AC/DC and DC/DC converters, battery modules, and PV sources?was performed using EMTP and MATLAB environments. The simulation results were validated against experimental data. Furthermore, the International Performance Measurement and Verification Protocol (IPMVP) was applied to quantify the overall energy efficiency. The results showed that the LVDC system achieved 5?10% higher energy efficiency compared to AC systems on average, with dynamic performance evaluated under variable load and ambient conditions. This study provides valuable insights for practical design and assessment of renewable energy-linked DC distribution systems, offering foundational data for future DC microgrid and energy infrastructure development. |