• ๋Œ€ํ•œ์ „๊ธฐํ•™ํšŒ
Mobile QR Code QR CODE : The Transactions of the Korean Institute of Electrical Engineers
  • COPE
  • kcse
  • ํ•œ๊ตญ๊ณผํ•™๊ธฐ์ˆ ๋‹จ์ฒด์ด์—ฐํ•ฉํšŒ
  • ํ•œ๊ตญํ•™์ˆ ์ง€์ธ์šฉ์ƒ‰์ธ
  • Scopus
  • crossref
  • orcid

  1. (Dept. of Electrical Engineering, Dong-A University, Korea.)
  2. (Dept. of Electrical Engineering, Gachon University, Korea.)



Neural Network, non-linear magnetic circuit analysis, interior permanent magnet machines, modified nodal analysis

1. ์„œ ๋ก 

๋งค์ž…ํ˜• ์˜๊ตฌ์ž์„ ์ „๋™๊ธฐ(Interior Permanent Magnet Synchronous Machines; IPMSM)๋Š” ๋งˆ๊ทธ๋„คํ‹ฑ ํ† ํฌ์™€ ๋ฆด๋Ÿญํ„ด์Šค ํ† ํฌ๋ฅผ ํ•จ๊ป˜ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•ด ๋†’์€ ์ถœ๋ ฅ ๋ฐ€๋„๊ฐ€ ์š”๊ตฌ๋˜๋Š” ์‘์šฉ์—์„œ ์ฃผ๋กœ ์‚ฌ์šฉ๋œ๋‹ค. ๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ IPMSM์˜ ํŠน์„ฑ ํ•ด์„์— ์žˆ์–ด์„œ๋Š” ๋งˆ๊ทธ๋„คํ‹ฑ ํ† ํฌ์— ์˜ํ–ฅ์„ ์ฃผ๋Š” ์˜๊ตฌ์ž์„์— ์˜ํ•œ ์‡„๊ต ์ž์†๋Ÿ‰๊ณผ ๋ฆด๋Ÿญํ„ด์Šค ํ† ํฌ์— ์˜ํ–ฅ์„ ์ฃผ๋Š” ์ธ๋•ํ„ด์Šค๋ฅผ ์ •ํ™•ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๊ตฌํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์–ด์•ผ ํ•œ๋‹ค. ์ธ๋•ํ„ด์Šค๋Š” ๊ถŒ์„ ์— ์˜ํ•œ ์‡„๊ต ์ž์†์„ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ด๋Š” ์ง€ํ‘œ๋กœ ๋ณผ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์œผ๋ฏ€๋กœ IPMSM์˜ ํŠน์„ฑ ํ•ด์„์„ ์œ„ํ•ด์„œ๋Š” ์ •ํ™•ํ•œ ์‡„๊ต ์ž์†์„ ๊ตฌํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด ๋งค์šฐ ์ค‘์š”ํ•˜๋ฉฐ ๊ด€๋ จ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๋“ค์ด ๋งŽ์ด ์ง„ํ–‰๋œ ๋ฐ” ์žˆ๋‹ค(1)-(3).

ํ†ต์ƒ ์ž์†๋Ÿ‰์„ ๊ตฌํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด์„œ๋Š” ์„ธ๊ฐ€์ง€ ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์ด ์ฃผ๋กœ ์‚ฌ์šฉ์ด ๋˜๋Š”๋ฐ, ์ฒซ๋ฒˆ์งธ๊ฐ€ ๋งฅ์Šค์›ฐ ๋ฐฉ์ •์‹์„ ์ง์ ‘ ํ’€์–ด ํ•ด๋ฅผ ๋„์ถœํ•˜๋Š” ํ•ด์„์ ์ธ ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•, ๋‘๋ฒˆ์งธ๊ฐ€ ์ž๊ธฐ๋“ฑ๊ฐ€ํšŒ๋กœ ํ•ด์„(Magnetic Equivalent Circuit Analysis; MECA)์— ์˜ํ•œ ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ• ์„ธ๋ฒˆ์งธ๊ฐ€ ์œ ํ•œ ์š”์†Œ ํ•ด์„(Finite Element Analysis; FEA)์— ์˜ํ•œ ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์ด๋‹ค. ์ด๋“ค ์ค‘ ํ•ด์„์ ์ธ ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์€ (4)-(6)๊ณผ ๊ฐ™์ด ์˜ˆ์ „๋ถ€ํ„ฐ ๊พธ์ค€ํžˆ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๋˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š”๋ฐ ๋ณต์žกํ•œ ํ˜•์ƒ์—์„œ๋Š” ํ•ด๋ฅผ ๊ตฌํ•˜๊ธฐ ์–ด๋ ต๊ณ  ๋˜ํ•œ ์žฌ์งˆ์˜ ๋น„์„ ํ˜• ํŠน์ง•์„ ๊ณ ๋ คํ•˜๊ธฐ ํž˜๋“ค๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ์ž์† ํฌํ™”๊ฐ€ ํฌ๊ฒŒ ๋ฐœ์ƒํ•˜๋Š” ์ „๋™๊ธฐ ํŠน์„ฑ ํ•ด์„์— ์žˆ์–ด์„œ๋Š” ์ ์šฉํ•˜๊ธฐ ํž˜๋“  ํ•œ๊ณ„์ ์ด ์กด์žฌํ•œ๋‹ค. ๋‚˜๋จธ์ง€ ์ž๊ธฐ๋“ฑ๊ฐ€ํšŒ๋กœ ํ•ด์„ ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์ด๋‚˜ ์œ ํ•œ ์š”์†Œ ํ•ด์„ ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์€ ๋น„์„ ํ˜• ํŠน์ง•์„ ๊ณ ๋ คํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์œผ๋ฉฐ ์žฅ๋‹จ์ ์ด ์กด์žฌํ•œ๋‹ค.

์ž๊ธฐ๋“ฑ๊ฐ€ํšŒ๋กœ์— ์˜ํ•œ ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์€ ๋งŽ์€ ๋ฌธํ—Œ์—์„œ ์†Œ๊ฐœ๋˜์—ˆ๋Š”๋ฐ ํ•ด์„ ์‹œ๊ฐ„์ด ๋งค์šฐ ๋น ๋ฅธ ๋ฐ˜๋ฉด ํšŒ๋กœ ๊ตฌ์„ฑ ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ• ๋“ฑ์— ๋”ฐ๋ผ ์˜ค์ฐจ๊ฐ€ ํด ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ๋‹จ์ ์ด ์žˆ๋‹ค(7), (8). ๋ฐ˜๋ฉด ์œ ํ•œ ์š”์†Œ ํ•ด์„์— ์˜ํ•œ ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์€ ๋ชจ๋ธ๋ง ๋ฐ ํ•ด์„ ์ˆ˜ํ–‰ ๋“ฑ์— ์‹œ๊ฐ„๊ณผ ๋…ธ๋ ฅ์ด ๋งŽ์ด ๋“ค์–ด๊ฐ€๋Š” ๋ฐ˜๋ฉด ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๊ฐ€ ๋งค์šฐ ์ •ํ™•ํ•˜๋‹ค๋Š” ์žฅ์ ์ด ์žˆ๋‹ค. ์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ํŠน์ง•์œผ๋กœ ์ž๊ธฐ๋“ฑ๊ฐ€ํšŒ๋กœ๋Š” ์ „๋™๊ธฐ์˜ ๊ธฐ์ดˆ ์„ค๊ณ„ ๋‹จ๊ณ„์—์„œ ์ฃผ๋กœ ์ ์šฉ๋˜๋ฉฐ ์œ ํ•œ ์š”์†Œ ํ•ด์„์€ ์ƒ์„ธ ์„ค๊ณ„ ์‹œ ํ™œ์šฉํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋œ๋‹ค. ์ตœ๊ทผ์—๋Š” ์œ ํ•œ ์š”์†Œ ๋ฒ•์„ ์ ์šฉํ•œ ์ „์ž์žฅ ํ•ด์„ ์ƒ์šฉ ํˆด์—์„œ ์ „๋™๊ธฐ ํ•ด์„์„ ์‰ฝ๊ฒŒ ํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•œ ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๊ฐ€์ง€ ์˜ต์…˜๋“ค์„ ์ œ๊ณตํ•˜๊ธฐ๋„ ํ•˜์—ฌ ์ „๋™๊ธฐ ์„ค๊ณ„ ์‹œ ์œ ํ•œ ์š”์†Œ ํ•ด์„์„ ๋งŽ์ด ์ ์šฉํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค. ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์œ ํ•œ ์š”์†Œ ํ•ด์„์„ ์œ„ํ•œ ์ œ๋ฐ˜ ์กฐ๊ฑด์„ ๋งˆ๋ จํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด์„œ๋Š” ํ”„๋กœ๊ทธ๋žจ์„ ๊ฐœ๋ฐœํ•˜๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ์ƒ์šฉ ํˆด์„ ๊ตฌ์ž…ํ•ด์•ผ ํ•˜๋Š”๋ฐ, ํ”„๋กœ๊ทธ๋žจ ๊ฐœ๋ฐœ์„ ์œ„ํ•ด ๋„ˆ๋ฌด ๋งŽ์€ ์‹œ๊ฐ„์ด ์†Œ์š”๋˜๊ณ  ์ƒ์šฉ ํˆด ๊ตฌ์ž…์„ ์œ„ํ•œ ๊ฒฝ์ œ์ ์ธ ๋ถ€๋‹ด์ด ํฌ๋ฏ€๋กœ ์—ฌ์ „ํžˆ ์ž๊ธฐ๋“ฑ๊ฐ€ํšŒ๋กœ ํ•ด์„์„ ํ†ตํ•œ ์ „๋™๊ธฐ ํŠน์„ฑ ํ•ด์„๋ฒ•์ด ํ•„์š”ํ•˜๋‹ค.

์ž๊ธฐ๋“ฑ๊ฐ€ํšŒ๋กœ ํ•ด์„์˜ ๋‹จ์ ์ธ ๋‚ฎ์€ ํ•ด์„ ์ •๋ฐ€๋„๋ฅผ ๋†’์ผ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค๋ฉด ์ž๊ธฐ๋“ฑ๊ฐ€ํšŒ๋กœ ํ•ด์„๋ฒ•๋„ ์ „๋™๊ธฐ์˜ ์ •๋ฐ€ ํŠน์„ฑ ํ•ด์„์— ์‚ฌ์šฉ๋  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค. ์ด๋ฅผ ์œ„ํ•ด์„œ๋Š” ์ž๊ธฐ๋“ฑ๊ฐ€ํšŒ๋กœ๋ฅผ ๋”์šฑ ์ •๋ฐ€ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๊ตฌ์„ฑํ•ด์•ผ ํ•˜๊ณ  ํŠนํžˆ ์ž์† ํฌํ™”๊ฐ€ ๋งŽ์ด ๋ฐœ์ƒํ•˜๋Š” ์ถœ๋ ฅ ๋ฐ€๋„๊ฐ€ ๋†’์€ ์‘์šฉ์ธ IPMSM์˜ ํŠน์„ฑ ํ•ด์„์„ ์œ„ํ•ด์„œ๋Š” ์ž์„ฑ์ฒด ์žฌ์งˆ์˜ ๋น„์„ ํ˜• ํŠน์ง•๋„ ๊ณ ๋ คํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์–ด์•ผ ํ•œ๋‹ค. ์ž๊ธฐ๋“ฑ๊ฐ€ํšŒ๋กœ์˜ ๋น„์„ ํ˜•์„ ๊ณ ๋ คํ•œ ํ•ด์„ ๊ธฐ๋ฒ•์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด์„œ๋Š” (9), (10)์—์„œ ์ž์„ธํžˆ ๋‹ค๋ฃจ๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค. ์œ„ ๋…ผ๋ฌธ์—์„œ๋Š” KCL(Kirchhoff's Current Law)๊ธฐ๋ฐ˜ ๋ฉ”์‰ฌ ํ•ด์„๋ฒ•(Mesh Analysis Method)๊ณผ KVL(Kirchhoff's Voltage Law) ๊ธฐ๋ฐ˜ ๋…ธ๋“œ ํ•ด์„๋ฒ•(Nodal Analysis Method)์„ ์ ์šฉํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์„ ์†Œ๊ฐœํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š”๋ฐ, ๋น„์„ ํ˜• ํ•ด์„์— ์žˆ์–ด ๋ฉ”์‰ฌ ํ•ด์„๋ฒ•์€ ํ•ด์˜ ์ˆ˜๋ ด์„ฑ์ด ์ข‹์œผ๋‚˜ ๋…ธ๋“œ ํ•ด์„๋ฒ•์€ ์ˆ˜๋ ด์ด ์•ˆ๋  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค๊ณ  ์–ธ๊ธ‰ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค. ๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ๋ฉ”์‰ฌ ํ•ด์„๋ฒ•์„ ๊ธฐ๋ฐ˜์œผ๋กœ ํ•œ ์ž๊ธฐ๋“ฑ๊ฐ€ํšŒ๋กœ ํ•ด์„์ด ๋” ์•ˆ์ •์ ์ธ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๋ฅผ ์–ป์„ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์„ ๊ฒƒ์œผ๋กœ ์ƒ๊ฐํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค.

ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ๋ฉ”์‰ฌ ํ•ด์„๋ฒ•์€ ํšŒ๋กœ๊ฐ€ ๋ณต์žกํ•ด์ง€๋ฉด ํšŒ๋กœ๋ฅผ ์ •์˜ํ•˜๊ธฐ๊ฐ€ ํž˜๋“ค๋ฉฐ ๋ฐฉ์ •์‹์„ ๋„์ถœํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•œ ์ž์† ๋ฃจํ”„๋ฅผ ๊ตฌ์„ฑํ•˜๋Š”๋ฐ ์–ด๋ ค์›€์ด ๋ฐœ์ƒํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค. ์ด์— ๋ฐ˜ํ•ด ๋…ธ๋“œ ํ•ด์„๋ฒ•์€ ํšŒ๋กœ์ƒ์˜ ๊ฐ ๋…ธ๋“œ๋ฅผ ์ค‘์‹ฌ์œผ๋กœ ์ด์™€ ์—ฐ๊ฒฐ๋œ ์š”์†Œ๋งŒ ์ •์˜๋งŒ ํ•˜๋ฉด ๋˜๋ฏ€๋กœ ํšŒ๋กœ ์ •์˜๊ฐ€ ๊ฐ„ํŽธํ•˜๊ณ  ์•Œ๊ณ ๋ฆฌ์ฆ˜ ๊ตฌํ˜„์—์„œ๋„ ์—ฌ๋ ค์›€์ด ์—†๋‹ค. ๋˜ํ•œ ๋งŽ์€ ๊ทธ๋ž˜ํ”ฝ ๊ธฐ๋ฐ˜ spice ํ”„๋กœ๊ทธ๋žจ์—์„œ ํšŒ๋กœ๋ฅผ ๋…ธ๋“œ ๊ธฐ๋ฐ˜์˜ netlist๋กœ ์ €์žฅํ•ด์ฃผ๋ฏ€๋กœ ๊ธฐ์กด์˜ spice ํ”„๋กœ๊ทธ๋žจ์„ ํ™œ์šฉํ•ด ๋…ธ๋“œ ํ•ด์„์—์„œ ํ•„์š”ํ•œ ํšŒ๋กœ ์ •์˜๋ฅผ ํ•  ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ๋‹ค.

๋ณธ ๋…ผ๋ฌธ์—์„œ๋Š” ๋น„์„ ํ˜• ์ž๊ธฐ๋“ฑ๊ฐ€ํšŒ๋กœ ํ•ด์„ ํ”„๋กœ๊ทธ๋žจ์˜ ์‹ค์ œ ๊ตฌํ˜„์˜ ์šฉ์ด์„ฑ์„ ์œ„ํ•ด MNA(Modified Nodal Analysis) ๋ฒ•์„ ์ ์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ ์ž๊ธฐ ํšŒ๋กœ๋ฅผ ํ’€์—ˆ๊ณ , ๋…ธ๋“œ ํ•ด์„๋ฒ• ์ ์šฉ์— ์˜ํ•ด ๋ฐœ์ƒํ•˜๋Š” ํ•ด์˜ ๋น„์ˆ˜๋ ด์„ฑ ๋ฌธ์ œ๋ฅผ ํ•ด๊ฒฐํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•œ ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด์„œ ์†Œ๊ฐœํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ๋˜ํ•œ ์ œ์•ˆํ•œ ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์„ ์ ์šฉํ•ด IPMSM์˜ ์‡„๊ต์ž์† ๊ณ„์‚ฐํ•˜์˜€์œผ๋ฉฐ ์œ ํ•œ ์š”์†Œ ํ•ด์„ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ์™€ ๋น„๊ตํ•˜์—ฌ ๋ณธ ๋…ผ๋ฌธ์—์„œ ์ œ์‹œํ•œ ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์˜ ํƒ€๋‹น์„ฑ์„ ์ž…์ฆํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค.

2. ๋น„์„ ํ˜• ์ž๊ธฐ๋“ฑ๊ฐ€ํšŒ๋กœ ํ•ด์„์„ ์œ„ํ•œ MNA

2.1 Modified Nodal Analysis

MNA๋ฒ•์€ ๋…ธ๋“œ ํ•ด์„๋ฒ•์„ ๊ธฐ๋ฐ˜์œผ๋กœ ํ•˜๋˜ ์ปดํ“จํ„ฐ ์•Œ๊ณ ๋ฆฌ์ฆ˜์˜ ๊ตฌํ˜„์ด ์‰ฝ๋„๋ก ์ˆ˜์ •๋œ ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์ด๋‹ค. ์ž์†์›, ๊ธฐ์ž๋ ฅ์›, ํผ๋ฏธ์–ธ์Šค๋ฅผ ๊ฐ€์ง€๋Š” ์ž๊ธฐ๋“ฑ๊ฐ€ํšŒ๋กœ์— MNA๋ฒ•์„ ์ ์šฉํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์€ ํ‘œ 1๊ณผ ๊ฐ™์€๋ฐ, ๊ธฐ์กด์˜ ๋…ธ๋“œ ํ•ด์„๋ฒ•๊ณผ ์ฐจ์ด์ ์€ 4๋ฒˆ ํ•ญ๋ชฉ๊ณผ 6๋ฒˆ ํ•ญ๋ชฉ์œผ๋กœ ๊ธฐ์ž๋ ฅ์› ์ฒ˜๋ฆฌ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๋ถ€๋ถ„์ด ์ถ”๊ฐ€๋˜์–ด ์•Œ๊ณ ๋ฆฌ์ฆ˜ ๊ตฌํ˜„์ด ๋งค์šฐ ์‰ฝ๊ฒŒ ๋œ๋‹ค.

ํ‘œ 1. EMCA์— ์žˆ์–ด MNA ์˜ ์ ์šฉ ์ˆœ์„œ

Table 1. Procedure of MNA on EMCA

์ˆœ๋ฒˆ

๋‚ด์šฉ

1

Numbering the nodes on the circuit

2

Define one of the numbered nodes as potential zero (ground) point.

3

(Define unknown 1) Defines the potential at each node except for ground such as $v_{n}$

4

(Define unknown 2) Defines flux on MMF sources such as $\phi_{i}$ . A direction of the flux should be in the opposite direction of the MMFs

5

Apply KCL to each node except ground to establish node equations

6

Establish equations with the relation between the MMFs and the potentials

7

Solve the equations to find the potential for each node and the flux passing through the MMFs

๊ทธ๋ฆผ. 1. ์ž๊ธฐ๋“ฑ๊ฐ€ํšŒ๋กœ ์˜ˆ

Fig. 1. Example of a magnetic equivalent circuit

../../Resources/kiee/KIEE.2022.71.7.931/fig1.png

๊ทธ๋ฆผ 1์€ ๊ทธ๋ผ์šด๋“œ์™€ ๋ถ„๋ฆฌ๋œ ๊ธฐ์ž๋ ฅ์› $F_{1}$, ์ž์†์› $\phi_{m}$, ํผ๋ฏธ์–ธ์Šค $P_{1}$~$P_{6}$๊ฐ€ ์กด์žฌํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฐ„๋‹จํ•œ ์ž๊ธฐ ํšŒ๋กœ์ด๋‹ค. ์ด๋Š” ์ถ”ํ›„ ์‚ดํŽด๋ณผ IPMSM์˜ ์ž๊ธฐ ๋“ฑ๊ฐ€ํšŒ๋กœ์™€ ๋น„์Šทํ•œ ๊ตฌ์„ฑ์„ ๊ฐ€์ง€๋Š”๋ฐ, ์—ฌ๊ธฐ์„œ๋Š” ๊ทธ๋ฆผ 1์˜ ์ž๊ธฐ๋“ฑ๊ฐ€ํšŒ๋กœ์— MNA๋ฒ•์„ ์ ์šฉํ•ด ๋ฐฉ์ •์‹์„ ๋„์ถœํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์•Œ์•„๋ณด๋„๋ก ํ•˜๊ฒ ๋‹ค.

๊ทธ๋ฆผ์—์„œ์™€ ๊ฐ™์ด ์ด๋ฏธ ๋…ธ๋“œ์— ๋„˜๋ฒ„๋ง์„ ํ•˜์˜€๊ณ , ๊ทธ ์ค‘ ํ•˜๋‚˜๋ฅผ ๊ทธ๋ผ์šด๋“œ๋กœ ์„ค์ •ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ๋˜ํ•œ ๊ฐ ๋…ธ๋“œ์—์„œ์˜ ํฌํ…์…œ์€ ๋…ธ๋“œ ๋ฒˆํ˜ธ๋ฅผ ์ด์šฉํ•ด $v_{n}$๊ณผ ๊ฐ™์ด ์ •์˜ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๊ณ , ๊ธฐ์ž๋ ฅ ์†Œ์Šค๋ฅผ ์ง€๋‚˜๋Š” ์ž์†๋„ ์ •์˜๊ฐ€ ๋˜์—ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด์ œ MNA์˜ 5๋ฒˆ์งธ ์Šคํ…์„ ์ง„ํ–‰ํ•˜๋ฉด ๋œ๋‹ค. ๊ฐ ๋…ธ๋“œ์—์„œ KCL์„ ์ ์šฉํ•˜๋ฉด,

(1)
$f_{1}=\phi_{1}+ P_{1}\left(v_{1}- v_{2}\right)= 0$

(2)
$f_{2}=P_{1}\left(v_{2}-v_{1}\right)+\phi_{m}=0$

(3)
$f_{3}=-\phi_{m}+P_{2}\left(v_{3}-v_{4}\right)=0$

(4)
$f_{4}=P_{2}\left(v_{4}-v_{2}\right)+P_{3}\left(v_{4}-v_{5}\right)=0$

(5)
$f_{5}=P_{3}\left(v_{5}-v_{4}\right)+P_{6}\left(v_{5}-0\right)=0$

(6)
$f_{6}=-\phi_{1}+P_{4}\left(v_{6}-0\right)=0$

์—ฌ๊ธฐ์„œ n=1,2,...,6์€ ๊ฐ ๋…ธ๋“œ์˜ ๋ฒˆํ˜ธ์ด๋‹ค.

MNA์˜ 6๋ฒˆ์งธ ์Šคํ…์œผ๋กœ ๊ฐ ๊ธฐ์ž๋ ฅ์›๊ณผ ๋…ธ๋“œ ํฌํ…์…œ ๊ฐ„์˜ ๊ด€๊ณ„์‹์„ ์“ฐ๋ฉด,

(7)
$f_{7}=v_{1}-v_{6}-F_{1}=0$

์ด์ƒ์˜ ์ˆ˜์‹์—์„œ ๋ฏธ์ง€์ˆ˜๋Š” ๊ฐ ๋…ธ๋“œ์—์„œ์˜ ํฌํ…์…œ๊ณผ ๊ธฐ์ž๋ ฅ์›์„ ์ง€๋‚˜๋Š” ์ž์†์œผ๋กœ ์ด 7๊ฐœ์˜ ๋ฏธ์ง€์ˆ˜๊ฐ€ ์กด์žฌํ•˜๊ณ , ๋ฐฉ์ •์‹์˜ ๊ฐœ์ˆ˜ ๋˜ํ•œ 7๊ฐœ์ด๋ฏ€๋กœ ์ด๋ฅผ ์—ฐ๋ฆฝํ•˜์—ฌ ๋ฌธ์ œ๋ฅผ ํ’€ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค. ์‹(1)~(7)์„ ํ–‰๋ ฌ๋กœ ์จ ๋ณด๋ฉด ๋‹ค์Œ๊ณผ ๊ฐ™๋‹ค.

(8)
$ f(x)= A x- b =0\\ \because A =\begin{bmatrix}P_{1} & -P_{1} & 0 & 0 & 0 & 0 & 1 \\-P_{1} & P_{1} & 0 & 0 & 0 & 0 & 0 \\ 0 & 0 & P_{2} & -P_{2} & 0 & 0 & 0 \\0 & 0 & -P_{2} & P_{2}+P_{3} & -P_{3} & 0 & 0\\ 0 & 0 & 0 & -P_{3} & P_{3}+P_{6} & 0 & 0 \\ 0 & 0 & 0 & 0 & 0 & P_{4} & -1\\ 1 & 0 & 0 & 0 & 0 & -1 & 0\end{bmatrix}\\ x =\begin{bmatrix}v_{1} & v_{2} & v_{3} & v_{4} & v_{5} & v_{6} & \phi_{1}\end{bmatrix}^{T}\\ b=\begin{bmatrix}0 & \phi_{m} & -\phi_{m} & 0 & 0 & 0 & -F_{1}\end{bmatrix}^{T}$

์‹(8)์—์„œ $ A$๋Š” ํผ๋ฏธ์–ธ์Šค ํ–‰๋ ฌ์ด๋ฉฐ $ x$๋Š” ํฌํ…์…œ๊ณผ ๊ธฐ์ž๋ ฅ์›์„ ์ง€๋‚˜๋Š” ์ž์†, $ b$๋Š” ์ž์†์›๊ณผ ๊ธฐ์ž๋ ฅ์„ ํฌํ•จํ•œ๋‹ค.

2.2 Newton-Raphson ๋ฒ•์˜ ์ ์šฉ

MNA๋ฒ•์— ์˜ํ•ด ๋„์ถœ๋œ ๋ฐฉ์ •์‹์„ ํ’€๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด์„œ ๋น„์„ ํ˜•์„ ๊ณ ๋ คํ•ด์•ผ ํ•˜๋Š”๋ฐ ๋น„์„ ํ˜• ํŠน์ง•์€ ํผ๋ฏธ์–ธ์Šค์— ๋ฐ˜์˜์ด ๋  ๊ฒƒ์ด๋ฉฐ ๊ฒฐ๊ตญ ํ–‰๋ ฌ A ๊ฐ€ ๋น„์„ ํ˜• ํŠน์ง•์„ ๊ฐ–๊ฒŒ ๋œ๋‹ค. ํ†ต์ƒ ๋น„์„ ํ˜• ๋ฐฉ์ •์‹์€ ๋ฐ˜๋ณต๋ฒ•์— ์˜ํ•ด ๊ทธ ํ•ด๋ฅผ ๊ตฌํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋˜๋Š”๋ฐ Newton-Raphson๋ฒ•์ด ์ฃผ๋กœ ์‚ฌ์šฉ๋˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค. ์‹(8)์— Newton-Raphson๋ฒ•์„ ์ ์šฉํ•˜๋ฉด ๋‹ค์Œ๊ณผ ๊ฐ™์ด ๋œ๋‹ค.

(9)
\begin{align*} J\left( x_{n}\right)\triangle x_{n+1}=- f\left( x_{n}\right)\\ \because\triangle x_{n+1}= x_{n}- x_{n+1} \end{align*}

์—ฌ๊ธฐ์„œ $ J$ํ–‰๋ ฌ์€ $ f( x)$์˜ ์ž์ฝ”๋น„์•ˆ $d f / d x$์ด๋ฉฐ, ์•„๋ž˜ ์ฒจ์ž๋Š” ๋ฐ˜๋ณต ํšŒ์ˆ˜์ด๋‹ค. ์ž์ฝ”๋น„์•ˆ์„ ๊ตฌํ•จ์— ์žˆ์–ด ์•Œ๊ณ ๋ฆฌ์ฆ˜์˜ ๊ตฌํ˜„์„ ์‰ฝ๊ฒŒ ํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด์„œ๋Š” ๊ฐ„๊ฒฐํ•œ ๋ฏธ๋ถ„์‹์ด ๋„์ถœ๋˜์–ด์•ผ ํ•˜๋Š”๋ฐ ํผ๋ฏธ์–ธ์Šค๋ฅผ ๊ทธ๋ฆผ 2์™€ ๊ฐ™์ด ์ง์œก๋ฉด์ฒด๋กœ ๊ฐ€์ •ํ•˜๋ฉด ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ์‹์„ ์‰ฝ๊ฒŒ ๋„์ถœํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค.

์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ๋“ค์–ด 1ํ–‰ 1์—ด ์›์†Œ๋Š” $\partial f_{1}/\partial v_{1}$์ด๋ฏ€๋กœ ๋‹ค์Œ๊ณผ ๊ฐ™์ด ๊ตฌํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค.

(10)
$J_{11}=P_{1}+\dfrac{\partial P_{1}}{\partial v_{1}}\left(v_{1}-v_{2}\right)\because P_{1}=\mu_{0}\mu_{r}A_{1}/ l_{1}$

์‹(10)์— ์ฒด์ธ๋ฃฐ์„ ์ ์šฉํ•˜๋ฉด,

(11)
\begin{align*} J_{11}=P_{1}+\dfrac{\partial P_{1}}{\partial v_{1}}\left(v_{1}-v_{2}\right)\\ =P_{1}+\dfrac{\partial P_{1}}{\partial\mu_{r1}}\dfrac{\partial\mu_{r1}}{\partial H_{1}}\dfrac{\partial H_{1}}{\partial v_{1}}\left(v_{1}-v_{2}\right)\\ =P_{1}+\dfrac{P_{1}}{\mu_{r1}}\dfrac{\partial\mu_{r1}}{\partial H_{1}}\dfrac{v_{1}-v_{2}}{l_{1}}\\ =P_{1}+\dfrac{P_{1}}{\mu_{r1}}\dfrac{\partial\mu_{r1}}{\partial H_{1}}H_{1}\\ =\dfrac{\mu_{0}A_{1}}{l_{1}}\left(\mu_{r1}+\dfrac{\partial\mu_{r1}}{\partial H_{1}}H_{1}\right) \end{align*}

์—ฌ๊ธฐ์„œ ์‹(11)์˜ ์šฐ๋ณ€์˜ ๊ด„ํ˜ธ์•ˆ์˜ ์‹์€ ๊ทธ๋ฆผ 3์—์„œ ๋ณด์ธ ๊ฒƒ๊ณผ ๊ฐ™์ด ์ƒ๋Œ€ ํˆฌ์ž์œจ๋กœ ๋‹ค์Œ๊ณผ ๊ฐ™์ด ๊ณ„์‚ฐ๋œ๋‹ค.

(12)
$\mu_{d}=\dfrac{d B}{d H}=\dfrac{d(\mu H)}{d H}=\mu +\dfrac{d\mu}{d H}H$

๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ์‹(11)์€ ๋‹ค์Œ๊ณผ ๊ฐ™์ด ์“ธ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค.

๊ทธ๋ฆผ. 2. ํผ๋ฏธ์–ธ์Šค์˜ ์ง์œก๋ฉด์ฒด ํ‘œํ˜„

Fig. 2. Permeance in the shape of a cuboid

../../Resources/kiee/KIEE.2022.71.7.931/fig2.png

(13)
$J_{11}=\dfrac{\mu_{0}\mu_{rd1}A_{1}}{l_{1}}=\dfrac{\mu_{d1}A_{1}}{l_{1}}=P_{1}^{'}$

์—ฌ๊ธฐ์„œ $\mu_{rd1}$์€ ๊ทธ๋ฆผ 3์—์„œ ๋ณด์ธ ๊ฒƒ๊ณผ ๊ฐ™์ด ์ƒ๋Œ€ ๋น„ํˆฌ์ž์œจ์ด๋‹ค.

์‹(13)์€ ํผ๋ฏธ์–ธ์Šค์˜ ์ •์˜์‹๊ณผ ๋งค์šฐ ์œ ์‚ฌํ•œ๋ฐ, ์‹์—์„œ ์ ˆ๋Œ€ ํˆฌ์ž์œจ(apparent permeability) ๋Œ€์‹  ์ƒ๋Œ€ ํˆฌ์ž์œจ(relative permeability)์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ–ˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ๋งŒ ๋‹ค๋ฅด๋‹ค. ๋‚˜๋จธ์ง€ ์ž์ฝ”๋น„์•ˆ์˜ ์›์†Œ๋“ค๋„ ๋น„์Šทํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๊ตฌํ•ด๋ณผ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค. ์ž์ฝ”๋น„์•ˆ์ด ๋ฏธ๋ถ„ ํ–‰๋ ฌ์ž„์„ ์ƒ๊ฐํ•˜๋ฉด ๊ณ„์ˆ˜ ํ–‰๋ ฌ ๋‚ด์˜ ํผ๋ฏธ์–ธ์Šค ๋„์ถœ ์‹œ ๋ฏธ๋ถ„ ๊ฐœ๋…์ธ ์ƒ๋Œ€ ํˆฌ์ž์œจ์„ ์ด์šฉํ•ด ๊ณ„์‚ฐํ•˜๋ฉด ์ž์ฝ”๋น„์•ˆ์ด ๋œ๋‹ค๋Š” ์ ์—์„œ ์˜๋ฏธ๋ฅผ ๊ฐ–๋Š”๋‹ค. ์ฆ‰ ์‹(8)์˜ ๊ณ„์ˆ˜ ํ–‰๋ ฌ $ A$๊ณผ ์‹(9)์˜ ์ž์ฝ”๋น„์•ˆ $ J$์€ ๋งค์šฐ ์œ ์‚ฌํ•จ์ด ์žˆ๋‹ค.

2.3 ๋น„์„ ํ˜• ํ•ด์„๊ณผ ํ•ด์˜ ์ˆ˜๋ ด์„ฑ

๊ทธ๋ฆผ 4์€ MNA๋ฒ•์— ์˜ํ•ด ๋„์ถœ๋œ ๋น„์„ ํ˜• ๋ฐฉ์ •์‹์— Newton-Raphson๋ฒ•์„ ์ ์šฉํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์„ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ด๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š”๋ฐ, ๋ณธ ๋…ผ๋ฌธ์—์„œ๋Š” (10)์—์„œ ๋…ธ๋“œ ํ•ด์„์˜ ๋ฌธ์ œ์ ์œผ๋กœ ์ง€์ ๋œ ํ•ด์˜ ์ง„๋™ ๋ฌธ์ œ๋ฅผ ํ•ด๊ฒฐํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ์—…๋ฐ์ดํŠธ์œจ $\gamma$์„ ๋„์ž…ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ์ฆ‰, ์ƒˆ๋กœ์šด $ x$๊ฐ’์„ ๊ตฌํ•  ๋•Œ $ x_{n+1}= x_{n}+\triangle x$์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ ๊ตฌํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š๊ณ  $ x_{n+1}= x_{n}+\gamma\triangle x$๋กœ ๊ตฌํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด๋‹ค. ์ด๋Š” ์ตœ์ ํ™” ์•Œ๊ณ ๋ฆฌ์ฆ˜ ์ค‘ ํ•˜๋‚˜์ธ gradient descent method์—์„œ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•๊ณผ ์œ ์‚ฌํ•˜๋‹ค. ๋ณธ ๋…ผ๋ฌธ์—์„œ๋Š” $\gamma =0.02$๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•  ๊ฒƒ์ด๋‹ค.

๊ทธ๋ฆผ. 3. BH ์ปค๋ธŒ์ƒ์˜ ์ ˆ๋Œ€ํˆฌ์ž์œจ๊ณผ ์ƒ๋Œ€ํˆฌ์ž์œจ์˜ ํ‘œํ˜„

Fig. 3. Representation of an apparent permeability and a relative permeability on a BH curve

../../Resources/kiee/KIEE.2022.71.7.931/fig3.png

๊ทธ๋ฆผ. 4. ๋น„์„ ํ˜• MNA์— Newton-Raphson๋ฒ•์„ ์ ์šฉํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•œ ํ”Œ๋กœ์ฐจํŠธ

Fig. 4. Flow chart of Newton-Raphson method for non-linear MNA

../../Resources/kiee/KIEE.2022.71.7.931/fig4.png

3. PMSM์˜ ์ž๊ธฐ๋“ฑ๊ฐ€ํšŒ๋กœ

์˜๊ตฌ์ž์„ ๊ธฐ๊ธฐ์—์„œ๋Š” ์˜๊ตฌ์ž์„์— ์˜ํ•œ ์ž์†๊ณผ ์ฝ”์ผ ์ „๋ฅ˜์— ์˜ํ•œ ์ž์†์ด ํ•ฉ์ณ์ ธ ์ฝ”์ผ์— ์‡„๊ตํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋˜๊ณ  ๊ทธ ์ค‘ ์ฝ”์ผ์— ์˜ํ•œ ์ž์†๋งŒ์ด ์ธ๋•ํ„ด์Šค์— ์˜ํ–ฅ์„ ๋ฏธ์น˜๊ฒŒ ๋œ๋‹ค. ๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ์ธ๋•ํ„ด์Šค๋ฅผ ์ œ๋Œ€๋กœ ๊ตฌํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด์„œ๋Š” ๊ณ ์ •์ž์™€ ํšŒ์ „์ž๋ฅผ ๋™์‹œ์— ๊ณ ๋ คํ•œ ์ž๊ธฐ๋“ฑ๊ฐ€ํšŒ๋กœ๋ฅผ ๊พธ๋ฉฐ์•ผ ํ•œ๋‹ค. ๋ณธ ๋…ผ๋ฌธ์—์„œ๋Š” ๋ฌธ์ œ๋ฅผ ๊ฐ„์†Œํ™”ํ•˜์—ฌ ํŠน์ • ๊ตฌ์กฐ์—์„œ๋งŒ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ์ž๊ธฐ๋“ฑ๊ฐ€ํšŒ๋กœ๋ฅผ ๋„์ถœํ•ด ๋ณด๋„๋ก ํ•˜๊ฒ ๋‹ค.

3.1 q=1 ๊ตฌ์กฐ์˜ IPMSM ์ž๊ธฐ๋“ฑ๊ฐ€ํšŒ๋กœ

์ „๋™๊ธฐ์˜ ๊ถŒ์„ ์—์„œ ๋ฐœ์ƒ๋œ ์ž์†๊ณผ ํšŒ์ „์ž๋ฅผ ์—ฐ๊ฒฐํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด์„œ๋Š” ๊ณ ์ •์ž์˜ ์น˜๋ฅผ ๊ณ ๋ คํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด ๋งค์šฐ ํŽธ๋ฆฌํ•˜๋‹ค. ๊ณ ์ •์ž ๊ถŒ์„ ์— ์˜ํ•œ ๊ธฐ์ž๋ ฅ์„ ๊ณ ์ •์ž ์น˜์— ๊ธฐ์ž๋ ฅ์›์œผ๋กœ ๋ถ„์‚ฐ์‹œํ‚ค๋ฉด ๋˜๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ด๋‹ค. ๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ์น˜๊ฐ€ ๋งŽ์œผ๋ฉด ๋งŽ์„ ์ˆ˜๋ก ๋” ์ •๊ตํ•œ ์ž๊ธฐ๋“ฑ๊ฐ€ํšŒ๋กœ๋ฅผ ๊พธ๋ฐ€ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๊ฒŒ ๋œ๋‹ค. ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ๋„ˆ๋ฌด ๋งŽ์€ ์น˜๋ฅผ ๊ณ ๋ คํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด์„œ๋Š” ์ž๊ธฐํšŒ๋กœ๊ฐ€ ๋ณต์žกํ•ด์ง€๋ฏ€๋กœ ์ ๋‹นํ•œ ์„ ์—์„œ ์น˜์˜ ๊ฐœ์ˆ˜๋ฅผ ์ •ํ•ด์•ผ ํ•˜๋Š”๋ฐ, ์ „๊ธฐ์ ์ธ ๊ด€์ ์—์„œ๋Š” ์ž๊ทน๋‹น ๋ช‡ ๊ฐœ์˜ ์น˜๋ฅผ ๊ณ ๋ คํ•  ๊ฒƒ์ธ๊ฐ€๋กœ ์ •ํ•˜๋ฉด ์ข‹๋‹ค. ์—ฌ๊ธฐ์„œ๋Š” ๊ทน๋‹น ์ƒ๋‹น ์Šฌ๋กฏ์ˆ˜, q๊ฐ€ 1์ธ ๊ตฌ์กฐ์˜ ์ „๋™๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ๋Œ€์ƒ์œผ๋กœ ์ž๊ธฐ๋“ฑ๊ฐ€ํšŒ๋กœ๋ฅผ ๋„์ถœํ•ด ๋ณด๋„๋ก ํ•œ๋‹ค.

๊ทธ๋ฆผ 5(a)๋Š” ์„ ํ˜• IPMSM ๋ชจ๋ธ์—์„œ ์ฃผ์š” ์†Œ์Šค์™€ ํผ๋ฏธ์–ธ์Šค๋ฅผ ํ•จ๊ป˜ ํ‘œ์‹œํ•œ ๊ฒƒ์ด๋ฉฐ (b)๋Š” (a)์—์„œ ๋ณด์ธ ์ž๊ธฐ๋“ฑ๊ฐ€ํšŒ๋กœ๋ฅผ ๊ฐ ์š”์†Œ์˜ ์ด๋ฆ„๊ณผ ํ•จ๊ป˜ ๋”์šฑ ์ž์„ธํžˆ ๋ณด์ธ ๊ฒƒ์ด๋‹ค. ์˜๊ตฌ์ž์„ ํ•˜๋‚˜๋ฅผ ๋‘๊ฐœ์˜ ์ž์†์›์œผ๋กœ ๋ชจ๋ธ๋งํ•˜์˜€๋Š”๋ฐ, ์ด๋Š” ์ธ์ ‘ ๊ทน๊ณผ์˜ ์ž์† ํ๋ฆ„์„ ํ‘œํ˜„ํ•˜๊ธฐ ์ ํ•ฉํ•˜๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ด๋ฉฐ ๋™์‹œ์— ๊ณ ์ •์ž ์น˜์™€๋„ ์—ฐ๊ฒฐํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•จ์ด๋‹ค. q=1 ๊ตฌ์กฐ์—์„œ ํ•œ ๊ทน๋‹น ์น˜์˜ ๊ฐœ์ˆ˜๋Š” 3๊ฐœ์ธ๋ฐ ์ด์ค‘ 1๊ฐœ๋Š” q์ถ• ์ž๋กœ ์ƒ์— ์ •ํ™•ํžˆ ๋‘๊ณ  ๋‚˜๋จธ์ง€ 2๊ฐœ๋ฅผ d์ถ• ์ž๋กœ ์ƒ์— ๋‘๋ฉด ์˜๊ตฌ์ž์„์—์„œ ๋ฐœ์ƒ๋œ ์ž์†์ด ์ด 2๊ฐœ์˜ ์น˜๋ฅผ ํ†ตํ•ด ํ๋ฅธ๋‹ค๊ณ  ๊ฐ€์ •ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๊ฒŒ ๋œ๋‹ค. $b_{1}$~$b_{4}$๋ฅผ ํ†ตํ•ด ํ๋ฅด๋Š” ์ž์†์€ ๋Œ€์นญ์„ฑ์— ์˜ํ•ด $a_{1}$~$a_{4}$๋กœ ๋“ค์–ด๊ฐˆ ๊ฒƒ์ด๋ฉฐ ์ด๋Š” ์ˆ˜์น˜ ํ•ด์„์—์„œ ์ฃผ๊ธฐ ๊ฒฝ๊ณ„ ์กฐ๊ฑด์— ํ•ด๋‹นํ•œ๋‹ค.

๊ทธ๋ฆผ 5(b)์—์„œ๋Š” (a)์—์„œ๋Š” ํ‘œ์‹œ๋˜์ง€ ์•Š์•˜๋˜ ์Šฌ๋กฏ ๋ˆ„์„ค ์„ฑ๋ถ„์„ ๊ณ ๋ คํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ๊ธฐ์ž๋ ฅ ์„ฑ๋ถ„์„ ๋‘๊ฐœ๋กœ ๋‚˜๋ˆ„๊ณ  ์Šฌ๋กฏ ๋ˆ„์„ค ํผ๋ฏธ์–ธ์Šค๋ฅผ ์ถ”๊ฐ€ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ๊ธฐ์ž๋ ฅ ์†Œ์Šค๋ฅผ ๊ตฌ๋ถ„ํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด $F_{xy}$ํ˜•ํƒœ๋กœ ํ‘œํ˜„ํ–ˆ์œผ๋ฉฐ ์ฒจ์ž $x$๋Š” ์น˜ ๊ธฐ์ž๋ ฅ์˜ ์„ธ๊ทธ๋จผํŠธ ๊ฐœ์ˆ˜๋กœ 1๊ณผ 2๋ฅผ ๊ฐ€์งˆ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์œผ๋ฉฐ $y$๋Š” ์น˜์˜ ๊ฐœ์ˆ˜์ธ 1~6์‚ฌ์ด ๊ฐ’์„ ๊ฐ€์ง„๋‹ค. ์ด๋•Œ $F_{1n}+F_{2n}=F_{n}\because 1\le n\le 6$์ด๋‹ค.

3.2 ํ•ด์„๋ชจ๋ธ

ํ‘œ 2๊ณผ ๊ทธ๋ฆผ 6๋Š” ๋ณธ ๋…ผ๋ฌธ์—์„œ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•œ ๋ชจ๋ธ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์ •๋ณด์ด๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋ฆผ์—์„œ์™€ ๊ฐ™์ด ๊ถŒ์„ ์€ -q์ถ•์— ์ •๋ ฌ๋œ ์ƒํƒœ์ด๋ฉฐ ์ด๋•Œ์˜ ํšŒ์ „์ž ์œ„์น˜๋ฅผ 0degE๋กœ ์„ค์ •ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ๋˜ํ•œ ์ฝ”์–ด ์žฌ์งˆ์€ 35PN210์„ ์ ์šฉํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค.

๊ทธ๋ฆผ 5(b)์˜ ํผ๋ฏธ์–ธ์Šค๋“ค์€ ๋‹ค์Œ๊ณผ ๊ฐ™์ด ๊ณ„์‚ฐํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค.

(14)
\begin{align*} P_{sy}=\dfrac{\mu W_{sy}L_{stk}}{l_{sy}}\\ \because l_{sy}=\left(2\pi R_{so}-W_{sy}\right)/N_{slots} \end{align*}

(15)
$P_{t}=\dfrac{\mu W_{t}L_{stk}}{l_{t}}\because l_{t}=d_{s}/2$

(16)
\begin{align*} P_{sl}=\dfrac{\mu_{0}W_{sl}L_{stk}}{l_{sl}}\\ \because l_{sl}=\left(2\pi R_{si}+d_{s}\right)/N_{slots}\\ W_{sl}=d_{s}/2 \end{align*}

(17)
$P_{g}=\dfrac{\mu_{0}W_{g}L_{stk}}{g}\because W_{g}=W_{t}$

(18)
\begin{align*} P_{br}=\dfrac{\mu T_{br}L_{stk}}{l_{br}}\\ \because l_{br}=\left(\dfrac{1-\alpha_{m}}{2}\right)\left(\dfrac{\pi\left(2R_{ro}-T_{br}\right)}{N_{pole s}}\right)-W_{web} \end{align*}

๊ทธ๋ฆผ. 5. ๊ทน๋‹น ์ƒ๋‹น ์Šฌ๋กฏ์ˆ˜ q=1์ธ IPMSM์˜ ์ž๊ธฐ๋“ฑ๊ฐ€ํšŒ๋กœ

Fig. 5. Magnetic equivalent circuit for a IPMSM which has q=1

../../Resources/kiee/KIEE.2022.71.7.931/fig5.png

ํ‘œ 2. IPMSM์˜ ์‚ฌ์–‘

Table 2. IPMSM specifications for the study

Items

Value

Unit

Descriptions

N$_{poles}$

8

-

Number of Poles

N$_{slots}$

24

-

Number of slots

R$_{so}$

50

mm

Stator outer radius

R$_{si}$

30

mm

Stator inner radius

W$_{t}$

5

mm

Teeth width

d$_{s}$

15

mm

Slot depth

g

0.5

mm

Airgap length

R$_{ro}$

29.5

mm

Rotor outer radius

Pos$_{m}$

27.5

mm

Magnet position

W$_{m}$

15.5

mm

Magnet width

T$_{m}$

3

mm

Magnet thickness

T$_{br}$

1

mm

Bridge thickness

W$_{web}$

4.4

mm

Web width

L$_{stk}$

35

mm

Stacking length

R$_{shaft}$

10

mm

Shaft radius

N$_{ph}$

96

turns

Series number of turns per phase

B$_{r}$

1.2

T

Residual flux density of the permanent magnets

ฮผ$_{rev}$

1.05

-

Relative permeability of the permanent magnets

๊ทธ๋ฆผ. 6. 2D ๋ชจ๋ธ๋ง์„ ์œ„ํ•œ IPMSM ๋ชจ๋ธ์˜ ํ˜•์ƒ ๋ณ€์ˆ˜

Fig. 6. Variables of IPMSM model for 2D modeling

../../Resources/kiee/KIEE.2022.71.7.931/fig6.png

(19)
\begin{align*} P_{pp}=\dfrac{\mu W_{pp}L_{stk}}{l_{pp}}\\ \because l_{pp}=W_{m}/2,\: W_{pp}=\left(R_{ro}- Pos_{m}\right)/ 2 \end{align*}

(20)
\begin{align*} P_{web}=\dfrac{\mu W_{web}L_{stk}}{l_{web}}\\ \because l_{web}=R_{ro}-\sqrt{\left(\dfrac{W_{m}}{2}\right)^{2}+\left(Pos_{m}-T_{m}\right)^{2}} \end{align*}

(21)
$P_{m}=\dfrac{\mu_{0}\mu_{rev}W_{m}L_{stk}}{2T_{m}}$

(22)
\begin{align*} P_{ry}=\dfrac{\mu W_{ry}L_{stk}}{l_{ry}}\\ \because l_{ry}=\pi\left(Pos_{m}-T_{m}+R_{shaft}\right)/4\\ W_{ry}=Pos_{m}-T_{m}-R_{shaft} \end{align*}

์—ฌ๊ธฐ์„œ $P_{sy}$๋Š” ๊ณ ์ •์ž ๋ฐฑ์š”ํฌ์˜ ํผ๋ฏธ์–ธ์Šค, $P_{t}$๋Š” ์น˜์˜ ํผ๋ฏธ์–ธ์Šค, $P_{sl}$์€ ์Šฌ๋กฏ ๋ˆ„์„ค ํผ๋ฏธ์–ธ์Šค, $P_{g}$๋Š” ๊ณต๊ทนํผ๋ฏธ์–ธ์Šค, $P_{br}$์€ ํšŒ์ „์ž ๋ธŒ๋ฆฟ์ง€ ํผ๋ฏธ์–ธ์Šค, $P_{pp}$๋Š” ํšŒ์ „์ž ํดํ”ผ์Šค ํผ๋ฏธ์–ธ์Šค, $P_{web}$๋Š” ํšŒ์ „์ž ์›น ํผ๋ฏธ์–ธ์Šค, $P_{m}$์€ ํšŒ์ „์ž ์˜๊ตฌ์ž์„ ํผ๋ฏธ์–ธ์Šค, $P_{ry}$๋Š” ํšŒ์ „์ž ๋ฐฑ์š”ํฌ ํผ๋ฏธ์–ธ์Šค๋กœ ๊ทธ๋ฆผ 6์˜ ํ˜•์ƒ์น˜์ˆ˜๋ฅผ ์ด์šฉํ•ด ๊ตฌํ•ด์ง€๋ฉฐ $N_{pole s}$๋Š” ๊ทน์ˆ˜, $N_{slots}$๋Š” ์Šฌ๋กฏ์ˆ˜์ด๋‹ค.

์‹(17)์˜ $P_{g}$๊ณ„์‚ฐ์— ์žˆ์–ด ๊ณต๊ทน ๋‹จ๋ฉด์˜ ๋„ˆ๋น„๋ฅผ $W_{t}$๋กœ ์„ค์ •ํ•œ ๊ฒƒ์ด ํŠน์ด ์‚ฌํ•ญ์ด๋ฉฐ ์‹(19)์˜ $P_{pp}$๊ณ„์‚ฐ์— ์‚ฌ์šฉ๋œ $W_{pp}$๋ฅผ ์‚ฐ์ •ํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์€ ์กฐ๊ธˆ ๋” ์ž์„ธํžˆ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๋˜์–ด์•ผ ํ•  ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ๋‹ค. ๋˜ํ•œ ๋™์ผํ•œ ์ž๊ธฐํšŒ๋กœ๋ฅผ ์ด์šฉํ•ด ํšŒ์ „์ž ์œ„์น˜๋ณ„ ์‡„๊ต์ž์†์„ ๊ตฌํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๊ฒŒ ํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ๋ฌด๋น™ ๊ถŒ์„ ๋ฒ•์„ ์ ์šฉํ•˜์˜€์œผ๋ฉฐ, ์ด๋กœ๋ถ€ํ„ฐ ๊ฐ ์น˜์˜ ๊ธฐ์ž๋ ฅ์€ ๋‹ค์Œ๊ณผ ๊ฐ™์ด ๊ณ„์‚ฐํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค.

(23)
\begin{align*} F_{n1}=F_{n2}\\ =K_{c}N_{c}I_{m}\times sgn\left(\cos\left(\dfrac{\pi}{3}((n-1)-step)\right)\right) \end{align*}

์—ฌ๊ธฐ์„œ n ์€ 1โ‰คnโ‰ค6 ์˜ ์ •์ˆ˜์ด๋ฉฐ, $sgn(\bullet)$์€ ๊ด„ํ˜ธ ์•ˆ ์ˆ˜์‹์˜ ๋ถ€ํ˜ธ๋ฅผ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ธ๋‹ค. step ๋Š” ๊ทธ๋ฆผ 5์˜ ํšŒ๋กœ๋ฅผ ๊ทธ๋Œ€๋กœ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๋ฉด์„œ ํšŒ์ „์ž ์œ„์น˜๋ฅผ ๊ณ ๋ คํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ์ƒํƒœ๋ฅผ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ด๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์œผ๋กœ 0์—์„œ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ•˜์—ฌ $\pi /3$๊ฐ„๊ฒฉ์œผ๋กœ ์ด 6๊ฐ€์ง€ ์ƒํƒœ๋ฅผ ๊ฐ€์งˆ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค. step์ด 0์ด๋ฉด ํšŒ์ „์ž ์œ„์น˜ 0degE์ด๋ฉฐ 1์ด๋ฉด ๋ฐ˜์‹œ๊ณ„ ๋ฐฉํ–ฅ 60degE ํšŒ์ „ํ•œ ์œ„์น˜๋กœ ์ดํ•ดํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค. ๋˜ํ•œ $I_{m}$์€ ์ „๋ฅ˜์˜ ํฌ๊ธฐ์ด๊ณ  $K_{c}$๋Š” ์นดํ„ฐ ๊ณ„์ˆ˜๋กœ ์Šฌ๋กฏ์— ์˜ํ•œ ๊ธฐ์ž๋ ฅ ์†์‹ค๋ถ„์„ ๋ณด์ƒํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ๋„์ž…๋˜์—ˆ์œผ๋ฉฐ ๋‹ค์Œ๊ณผ ๊ฐ™์ด ๊ณ„์‚ฐํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค.

(24)
$K_{c}=\dfrac{W_{s}+W_{t}}{W_{t}+\dfrac{4g}{\pi}\ln\left(1+\dfrac{\pi W_{s}}{4g}\right)}$

๋˜ํ•œ ์ฝ”์ผ๋‹น ํ„ด์ˆ˜์ธ $N_{c}$๋Š” ๋‹ค์Œ๊ณผ ๊ฐ™์ด ๊ตฌํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค.

(25)
$N_{c}=\dfrac{3N_{ph}}{N_{slots}}$

์—ฌ๊ธฐ์„œ $N_{ph}$๋Š” ์ƒ์ˆ˜์ด๋ฉฐ, ๋ณธ ๋…ผ๋ฌธ์—์„œ๋Š” 3์ƒ์„ ๊ฐ€์ •ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค.

4. ์‹œ๋ฎฌ๋ ˆ์ด์…˜ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ ๋น„๊ต

๊ทธ๋ฆผ 7๋Š” FEA์™€ MECA ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๋ฅผ ๋น„๊ตํ•œ ๊ฒƒ์œผ๋กœ, ์ „๋ฅ˜ ํฌ๊ธฐ ๋ณ„, ํšŒ์ „์ž ์œ„์น˜ ๋ณ„ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๋ฅผ ํ‘œ์‹œํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ์ „๋ฅ˜๊ฐ€ 0A์ธ ๋ฌด๋ถ€ํ•˜ ์กฐ๊ฑด์—์„œ๋Š” ์œ„์น˜ ๋ณ„ ์‡„๊ต ์ž์†๋Ÿ‰์˜ ํฌ๊ธฐ๋Š” ๊ฑฐ์˜ ๋™์ผํ•œ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๋ฅผ ๋ณด์—ฌ์ฃผ๊ณ  ์žˆ์œผ๋ฉฐ ๊ถŒ์„  ์ „๋ฅ˜๊ฐ€ ์ปค์ง์— ๋”ฐ๋ผ ์˜ค์ฐจ๊ฐ€ ์ฆ๊ฐ€ํ•จ์„ ์•Œ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค. ํŠนํžˆ ํšŒ์ „์ž ์œ„์น˜ 60degE, 120degE์—์„œ๋Š” FEA ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ์™€ MECA ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๊ฐ€ ์œ ์‚ฌํ•˜๋‚˜, 240degE, 300degE์—์„œ ์˜ค์ฐจ๊ฐ€ ์ƒ๋Œ€์ ์œผ๋กœ ํฌ๊ฒŒ ๋ฒŒ์–ด์ง€๊ณ  ์žˆ์Œ์„ ์•Œ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š”๋ฐ, 240degE, 300degE ๊ตฌ๊ฐ„์—์„œ ์˜๊ตฌ์ž์„์˜ ์ž์† ๋ฐฉํ–ฅ๊ณผ ์ฝ”์ผ์˜ ์ž์† ๋ฐฉํ–ฅ์ด ์ผ์น˜ํ•˜์—ฌ ๋” ํฐ ์ž์† ํฌํ™”๋ฅผ ๋ฐœ์ƒ์‹œํ‚ค๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์œผ๋กœ ๋ถ„์„๋œ๋‹ค.

๊ทธ๋ฆผ. 7. ์ „๊ธฐ์ž ์ „๋ฅ˜ ๋ณ€ํ™”์— ๋”ฐ๋ฅธ ์‡„๊ต์ž์† ๋น„๊ต

Fig. 7. Comparison of flux linkage according to the winding current

../../Resources/kiee/KIEE.2022.71.7.931/fig7.png

๊ทธ๋ฆผ. 8. ์ „๊ธฐ์ž ์ „๋ฅ˜ Ia๊ฐ€ 60A์ธ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ์ž์†๋ฐ€๋„ ๋ถ„ํฌ๋„

Fig. 8. 2D plot of magnetic flux density when Ia=60A

../../Resources/kiee/KIEE.2022.71.7.931/fig8.png

์‹ค์ œ๋กœ ์˜ˆ์ œ์—์„œ ์ฒ ์‹ฌ์˜ ํฌํ™”๊ฐ€ ๋ฐœ์ƒํ•˜๋Š” ์ „๋ฅ˜๋Š” 60A ์ˆ˜์ค€์œผ๋กœ ์ด๋•Œ ์œ ํ•œ์š”์†Œ ํ•ด์„๊ฒฐ๊ณผ ์ž์†๋ถ„ํฌ๋ฅผ Figure 8์— ๋ณด์˜€๋‹ค. ํšŒ์ „์ž ์œ„์น˜์— ๋”ฐ๋ผ ํฌํ™”๋˜๋Š” ๋ถ€๋ถ„์ด ๋‹ค๋ฅด์ง€๋งŒ 1.8T ์ด์ƒ์˜ ํฌํ™”๋œ ๋ถ€๋ถ„์ด ๋ณด์ด๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค.

๊ทธ๋ฆผ 7์—์„œ FEA์™€ MECA์˜ ์˜ค์ฐจ๊ฐ€ ๊ฐ€์žฅ ํฌ๊ฒŒ ๋ฐœ์ƒํ•˜๋Š” ๊ตฌ๊ฐ„์€ ํšŒ์ „์ž ์œ„์น˜ 240degE์œผ๋กœ ์ด๋•Œ ์‡„๊ต์ž์†์˜ ์˜ค์ฐจ๋ฅผ ์‚ดํŽด๋ณด๋ฉด 8.4% ์ˆ˜์ค€์œผ๋กœ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚œ๋‹ค. ์—ฌ๊ธฐ์„œ ์˜ค์ฐจ๋Š” FEA๋กœ ๊ณ„์‚ฐํ•œ ํšŒ์ „์ž ์œ„์น˜๋ณ„ ์‡„๊ต์ž์†์˜ ๊ฐ’ ์ค‘ ๊ฐ€์žฅ ํฐ ๊ฐ’์„ ๊ธฐ์ค€์œผ๋กœ ๊ณ„์‚ฐํ•œ ๊ฒƒ์ด๋‹ค. 240degE๊ฐ€ ์•„๋‹Œ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ํšŒ์ „์ž ์œ„์น˜์—์„œ๋Š” ์˜ค์ฐจ๊ฐ€ ๋”์šฑ ์ ์€ ์ ์„ ๊ฐ์•ˆํ•˜๊ณ  ์ „๋™๊ธฐ ์„ค๊ณ„ ๋‹จ๊ณ„์—์„œ๋Š” ์ž์†์˜ ๊ธฐ๋ณธํŒŒ๋งŒ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•œ๋‹ค๋Š” ์ ์„ ๊ณ ๋ คํ•˜๋ฉด ์ด์ƒ์˜ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๋Š” ์ถฉ๋ถ„ํžˆ ๊ธฐ์ดˆ ์„ค๊ณ„ ๋‹จ๊ณ„์—์„œ ํ™œ์šฉ์ด ๊ฐ€๋Šฅํ•  ๊ฒƒ์œผ๋กœ ์‚ฌ๋ฃŒ๋œ๋‹ค.

๋งˆ์ง€๋ง‰์œผ๋กœ ๊ทธ๋ฆผ 9๋Š” ๋ถ€ํ•˜์‹œ ์ž์†์—์„œ ๋ฌด๋ถ€ํ•˜์‹œ ์ž์†์„ ๋นผ ๊ถŒ์„  ์ „๋ฅ˜์— ์˜ํ•ด ๋ฐœ์ƒํ•˜๋Š” ์ž์†๋งŒ ๋”ฐ๋กœ ๊ตฌํ•ด FEA์™€ MECA๋ฅผ ๋น„๊ตํ•œ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ์ด๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋ฆผ์—์„œ์™€ ๊ฐ™์ด ์œ„์น˜ 60degE์—์„œ๋Š” ์ „๋ฅ˜๊ฐ€ ์ปค์ง€๋”๋ผ๋„, ์ฆ‰ ์ž์† ํฌํ™”๊ฐ€ ๋ฐœ์ƒํ•˜๋”๋ผ๋„ ๊ทธ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๋Š” ๋งค์šฐ ์œ ์‚ฌํ•˜๋‚˜ 210degE ์œ„์น˜์—์„œ๋Š” ์ž์† ํฌํ™”์— ๋”ฐ๋ผ ๊ทธ ์ฐจ์ด๊ฐ€ ๊ณ„์† ์ปค์ง€๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค. ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์ž์† ํฌํ™”๊ฐ€ ๋ฐœ์ƒํ•˜๊ธฐ ์ „์ธ ์•ฝ 30A ์ด๋‚ด์—์„œ๋Š” ๊ทธ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๊ฐ€ ๋งค์šฐ ์œ ์‚ฌํ•จ์„ ์•Œ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค.

๊ทธ๋ฆผ. 9. ์ „๊ธฐ์ž ์ „๋ฅ˜์— ๋”ฐ๋ฅธ ์‡„๊ต์ž์†

Fig. 9. Flux linkage by winding currents

../../Resources/kiee/KIEE.2022.71.7.931/fig9.png

5. Conclusion

๋ณธ ๋…ผ๋ฌธ์—์„œ๋Š” ๋น„์„ ํ˜• ์ž๊ธฐ๋“ฑ๊ฐ€ํšŒ๋กœ ํ•ด์„์„ ํ†ตํ•œ IPMSM์˜ ์‡„๊ต ์ž์†์„ ๊ณ„์‚ฐํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ๋‹ค๋ฃจ์—ˆ๋‹ค. MNA ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์„ ์ž๊ธฐ๋“ฑ๊ฐ€ํšŒ๋กœ์— ์ ์šฉํ•จ์— ์žˆ์–ด ๋ฐœ์ƒํ•˜๋Š” ํ•ด์˜ ๋ฐœ์‚ฐ ๋ฌธ์ œ๋ฅผ ์—…๋ฐ์ดํŠธ์œจ์„ ๋„์ž…ํ•จ์œผ๋กœ์จ ํ•ด๊ฒฐํ•˜์˜€๊ณ , ๊ณ ์ •์ž ์น˜ ๊ตฌ์กฐ๋ฅผ ๊ณ ๋ คํ•œ q=1 ์˜ IPMSM ์ž๊ธฐ๋“ฑ๊ฐ€ํšŒ๋กœ๋ฅผ ์ œ์‹œํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ์ž๊ธฐ๋“ฑ๊ฐ€ํšŒ๋กœ ํ•ด์„์„ ํ†ตํ•ด ๊ตฌํ•ด์ง„ ์‡„๊ต ์ž์†๋Ÿ‰์„ FEA ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ์™€ ๋น„๊ตํ•˜์˜€์œผ๋ฉฐ, ๋ฌด๋ถ€ํ•˜ ์‹œ์—๋Š” ๊ฑฐ์˜ ์ผ์น˜ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๋ฅผ ๋ณด์˜€๊ณ , ๋ถ€ํ•˜ ์‹œ์—๋Š” ์น˜ ํฌํ™”๊ฐ€ ๋ฐœ์ƒํ•จ์— ๋”ฐ๋ผ ์˜ค์ฐจ๊ฐ€ ์ปค์ง€๋Š” ์–‘์ƒ์„ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ด์—ˆ๋‹ค. ๋ณด๋‹ค ์ •๋ฐ€ํ•œ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๋ฅผ ์–ป๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด์„œ๋Š” ์ž๊ธฐ๋“ฑ๊ฐ€ํšŒ๋กœ๋ฅผ ๋”์šฑ ์„ธ๋ฐ€ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๊ตฌ์„ฑํ•˜๋ฉด ๋˜๊ฒ ์œผ๋‚˜ MECA์˜ ์žฅ์ ์ด ์‚ฌ๋ผ์งˆ ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ์œผ๋ฏ€๋กœ ์ ๋‹นํ•œ ์„ ์—์„œ IPMSM์˜ ์‡„๊ต์ž์†์„ ๊ตฌํ•˜๊ธฐ์œ„ํ•ด ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๋ฉด ์œ ์šฉํ•œ ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์ด ๋  ๊ฒƒ์œผ๋กœ ์‚ฌ๋ฃŒ๋œ๋‹ค.

Acknowledgements

๋ณธ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๋Š” 2021ํ•™๋…„๋„ ๋™์–‘๋ฏธ๋ž˜๋Œ€ํ•™๊ต ํ•™์ˆ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ ์ง€์›์‚ฌ์—…์— ์˜ํ•˜์—ฌ ์ง€์› ๋ฐ›์•˜์Œ

References

1 
Ik-Sang Jang, Hyung-Woo Lee, Won-Ho Kim, Su-Yeon Cho, Mi-Jung Kim, Ki-Doek Lee, Ju Lee, 2011, A Study on the Compensation of the Inductance Parameters of Interior Permanent-Magnet Synchronous Motors Affected by the Magnet Size., Journal of Magnetics, Vol. 16, No. 1, pp. 74-76DOI
2 
Ik-Sang Jang, Hyung-Woo Lee, Won-Ho Kim, Su-Yeon Cho, Mi-Jung Kim, Ki-Doek Lee, Ju Lee, 2011, A Study on the Compensation of the Inductance Parameters of Interior Permanent-Magnet Synchronous Motors Affected by the Magnet Size., Journal of Magnetics, Vol. 16, No. 1, pp. 74-76DOI
3 
I. Jeong, K. Nam, july 2015, Analytic Expressions of Torque and Inductances via Polynomial Approximations of Flux Linkages, in IEEE Transactions on Magnetics, Art no 7209009, Vol. 51, No. 7, pp. 1-9DOI
4 
Z. Q. Zhu, D. Howe, E. Bolte, B. Ackermann, Jan 1993, Instantaneous magnetic field distribution in brushless permanent magnet DC motors. I. Open-circuit field, in IEEE Transactions on Magnetics, Vol. 29, No. 1, pp. 124-135DOI
5 
V. Z. Faradonbeh, A. Rahideh, S. T. Boroujeni, G. A. Markadeh, Dec 2021, 2-D Analytical No-Load Electromagnetic Model for Slotted Interior Permanent Magnet Synchronous Machines, in IEEE Transactions on Energy Conversion, Vol. 36, No. 4, pp. 3118-3126DOI
6 
V. Z. Faradonbeh, A. Rahideh, S. T. Boroujeni, G. A. Markadeh, Dec 2021, 2-D Analytical No-Load Electromagnetic Model for Slotted Interior Permanent Magnet Synchronous Machines, in IEEE Transactions on Energy Conversion, Vol. 36, No. 4, pp. 3118-3126DOI
7 
J. -G. Lee, D. -K. Lim, H. -K. Jung, oct. 2019, Analysis and Design of Interior Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motor Using a Sequential-Stage Magnetic Equivalent Circuit, in IEEE Transactions on Magnetics, Art no 7501004, Vol. 55, No. 10, pp. 1-4DOI
8 
W. Kim, jan. 2014, Inductance Calculation in IPMSM Considering Magnetic Saturation, in IEEE Transactions on Magnetics, Art no 4001304, Vol. 50, No. 1, pp. 1-4DOI
9 
H. W. Derbas, J. M. Williams, A. C. Koenig, S. D. Pekarek, June 2009, A Comparison of Nodal- and Mesh-Based Magnetic Equivalent Circuit Models, in IEEE Transactions on Energy Conversion, Vol. 24, No. 2, pp. 388-396DOI
10 
B. Boomiraja, R. Kanagaraj, 2020, Convergence Behaviour of Newton-Raphson Method in Node- and Loop-Based Non-linear Magnetic Equivalent Circuit Analysis, 2020 IEEE International Conference on Power Electronics, Vol. smart grid and renewable energy (pesgre2020), pp. 1-6DOI

์ €์ž์†Œ๊ฐœ

๋ฐฐ์žฌ๋‚จ(Jaenam Bae)
../../Resources/kiee/KIEE.2022.71.7.931/au1.png

2006๋…„ 8์›” : ํ•œ์–‘๋Œ€ํ•™๊ต ์ „๊ธฐ๊ณตํ•™๊ณผ(๊ณตํ•™์„์‚ฌ)

2010๋…„ 8์›” : ํ•œ์–‘๋Œ€ํ•™๊ต ์ „๊ธฐ๊ณตํ•™๊ณผ(๊ณตํ•™๋ฐ•์‚ฌ)

2010๋…„ 11์›”~2013๋…„ 3์›” : ํ˜„๋Œ€์ค‘๊ณต์—… ์„ ์ž„์—ฐ๊ตฌ์›

2013๋…„ 5์›”~2015๋…„ 8์›” : ํ•œ๊ตญ์ž๋™์ฐจ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์› ์„ ์ž„์—ฐ๊ตฌ์›

2015๋…„ 9์›”~ํ˜„์žฌ : ๋™์–‘๋ฏธ๋ž˜๋Œ€ํ•™๊ต ์ „๊ธฐ๊ณตํ•™๊ณผ ๋ถ€๊ต์ˆ˜

์ด์„ฑ๊ตฌ(Sunggu Lee)
../../Resources/kiee/KIEE.2022.71.7.931/au2.png

2005๋…„ 8์›” : ํ•œ์–‘๋Œ€ํ•™๊ต ์ „๊ธฐ๊ณตํ•™๊ณผ(๊ณตํ•™์„์‚ฌ)

2009๋…„ 8์›” : ํ•œ์–‘๋Œ€ํ•™๊ต ์ „๊ธฐ๊ณตํ•™๊ณผ(๊ณตํ•™๋ฐ•์‚ฌ)

2009๋…„ 9์›”~2016๋…„ 1์›” : ์‚ผ์„ฑ์ „์ž ์ฑ…์ž„์—ฐ๊ตฌ์›

2016๋…„ 2์›”~2019๋…„ 8์›” : ๋ถ€์‚ฐ์™ธ๊ตญ์–ด๋Œ€ํ•™๊ต ์ „์ž๋กœ๋ด‡๊ณตํ•™๊ณผ ์กฐ๊ต์ˆ˜

2019๋…„ 9์›”~ํ˜„์žฌ : ๋™์•„๋Œ€ํ•™๊ต ์ „๊ธฐ๊ณตํ•™๊ณผ ๋ถ€๊ต์ˆ˜

๊น€์›ํ˜ธ(Wonho Kim)
../../Resources/kiee/KIEE.2022.71.7.931/au3.png

2007๋…„ 8์›” : ํ•œ์–‘๋Œ€ํ•™๊ต ์ „๊ธฐ๊ณตํ•™๊ณผ(๊ณตํ•™์„์‚ฌ)

2011๋…„ 8์›” : ํ•œ์–‘๋Œ€ํ•™๊ต ์ „๊ธฐ๊ณตํ•™๊ณผ(๊ณตํ•™๋ฐ•์‚ฌ)

2011๋…„ 9์›”~2017๋…„ 2์›” : ์‚ผ์„ฑ์ „์ž์ข…ํ•ฉ๊ธฐ์ˆ ์› ์ฑ…์ž„์—ฐ๊ตฌ์›

2017๋…„ 3์›”~ํ˜„์žฌ : ๊ฐ€์ฒœ๋Œ€ํ•™๊ต ์ „๊ธฐ๊ณตํ•™๊ณผ ๋ถ€๊ต์ˆ˜